Vanadium salts have insulin-mimetic activity, and are being studied as potentially orally active replacements for insulin. Vanadium is active in physiologic systems, competing with phosphate and other metals for binding sites on proteins and may play a role in iodine metabolism or thyroid function. It has been found that vanadium deficiency results in increased blood cholesterol and triglyceride levels. Animal studies have revealed that vanadium deficiency results in an impaired reproductive performance that does not show up until the fourth generation of animals mated. It is also possible that an adequate vanadium intake will protect against the development of heart disease. Vanadium’s absorption is unclear. T J Clark has increased the standard absorption rate by manufacturing a colloidal vanadium product with the use of our proprietary mineral catalyst, increasing the rate of vanadium to the reduced vanadyl form.